What are the Causes of Nephrotic Syndrome?

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Nephrotic syndrome can be divided into primary, secondary and congenital types. Primary one is caused by kidney lesions and accounts for more than 90% of all cases; Secondary one is caused by extra-renal diseases such as purpura nephritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, hepatitis B related nephritis, etc; Congenital nephrotic syndrome is mostly related to hereditary diseases and it is rare in clinic. Different types of nephrotic syndrome have different causes, but generally speaking the common causes are as follows:
1. Immune diseases.
Nephrotic Syndrome can be caused by many other diseases such as SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus), purpura nephritis and Hepatitis B associated glomerulonephritis.
2. Infections.
Bacterial infection and virus infection as well as parasitic infection are the main infections leading to Nephrotic Syndrome.
3. Toxin and medicines
Toxication, allergy, bee bite, snake venom, organic or inorganic mercury, or some certain medicines such as penicillamine, trimethadione can induce Nephrotic Syndrome.
4. Tumors
Tumors or carcinoma in lung, colon, stomach, kidney, ovary or thyroid and some diseases such as leukemia and lymphoma can all cause Nephrotic Syndrome.
5. Hereditary Diseases
According to the research, differences in the races, environment and locations are important factors affecting morbidity rate for Nephrotic Syndrome. These factors could increase the susceptibility for the attack of Minimal Change Disease.
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